Preparation of Cultivation Land for Shrimp Seeds 01 – Background

Shrimp farming is a business that is run through preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds till harvesting within a certain time period which is oriented to financial gains (profit oriented). As an initial activity, then preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds has a very important role in determining the success of shrimp farming process both technically and financially.

Cultivation land is a transition medium for shrimp seeds / fry from aquatic environment which is their origin place (natural or hatchery) into an artificial environment (pond waters) with different water conditions.

Preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds basically can be categorized into 2 (two) types of activities, there are:

1. Post-harvest land management, which is an activity carried on after the harvesting both troubled and normal harvest.
   
   
2. Preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds, which is generally includes: (i) Land preparation and its ingredients, (ii) Pond waters preparation, (iii) Shrimp fry stocking preparation.

While the factors to consider in preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds are as follows:

1. Seasonal conditions that occurred at that time. These factors will influence the process of drying and sterilization of ponds and water management methods.
   
   
2. Water quality conditions that will be used as a source of pond water intake. These factors influence the method of water management and the preparation and growth of natural feeds in ponds for fry
   
   
3. Type of harvest which is done on previous period. As the above explanation that the land preparation to normal harvest should be distinguished from a troubled harvest.
   
   
4. Pond bottom conditions during the harvesting of previous period. Dirty pond bottom requires a different handling compared to clean pond bottom.
   
   
5. Condition of pond construction. These factors should be considered so as it design and construction a pond does not cause an obstacle in the process of cultivation.

Preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds which is well performed will be able to provide comfort and security for the fries in performing activities of their life in the pond waters that will minimize the likelihood of stress on the fries. Conversely land preparation which is done with carelessly can increase a stress on the fries while in the waters of these ponds, this condition can cause the fry are vulnerable to disease attack and a threat of predators and competitor, which may affect to condition and quality of shrimp fries.

Referring to the description above, then the preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds mainly aimed:

1. Minimize the possibility of re-emergence of certain diseases in a pond which is harvested in the previous period in trouble / disease.
   
   
2. Provide a pond water environment as a convenient medium for the fries which was previously living in different environments.
   
   
3. 3. Provide natural feed as much as possible which is required by fries.
   
   
4. Minimize the existence of predators and competitors of shrimp seeds in the ponds.
   
   
5. Anticipate a possibility of passage of fry out of pond caused by inadequate pond construction.

Based on the above objectives, if this goal can be obtained, both technically and financially there are some results that can be maintained, are among other:

1. An optimal survival rate (SR).
   
   
2. Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) is relatively stable because the need for artificial feed at the beginning of the period can be reduced with the availability of natural feed.
   
   
3. The shrimp size are relatively uniform (not vary), with note the stocked shrimp fries is have a uniformed size.

As an early activity which is crucial, it is expected that in preparing cultivation land for shrimp seeds done in a planned manner by considering the factors that can influence.

Preparation of cultivation land for shrimp seeds is the first step in a shrimp culture, if at the beginning of the activities already in trouble, then the next will appear a variety of other problems in the cultivation process.



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