As an organism, shrimp can not be separated from threat of diseases in the carry out life processes ranging from mild to serious stadiums. Shrimp disease is a very serious problem for the shrimp farming to the present, because it can cause substantial financial losses.
Under these conditions, up to now many specialized studies and research related to shrimp disease which are expected to be applied as a technical treatment of cultivation to overcome the disease problems. The existing cultivation technical treatments that's available are vary widely, from prevention as well as medications with the same goal which are to minimize financial losses due to disease problems.
Under these conditions, up to now many specialized studies and research related to shrimp disease which are expected to be applied as a technical treatment of cultivation to overcome the disease problems. The existing cultivation technical treatments that's available are vary widely, from prevention as well as medications with the same goal which are to minimize financial losses due to disease problems.
Before further discussing, there are two fundamental questions related to the phenomenon that are obtained from the realities in the field, there are:
- Why does at a time when many diseases attack (shrimp disease season) there are some areas /ponds can be saved up to the normal harvest?
- Why does in the good season for shrimp culture, there are some areas/ponds which are attacked by diseases?
Based on the two questions mentioned above, there are two keywords that are very important, namely (i) the season of disease and (ii) the condition of shrimp.
Related to the disease, in the shrimp farming are recognized terms of disease season and a good season. In simple, disease season can be defined as the occurrence of epidemics with high intensity in a very wide area coverage in a specified period. In this season, there is the presumption that has been familiar for the technicians of shrimp culture, as good as any cultivation technical treatment that is applied, so shrimp cultivation process that was running would get into trouble (an assumption that should not make us too pessimistic).
While, good season can be defined as a period of shrimp culture with the intensity of the disease attacks are relatively low. In this season, there is also the presumption that has been familiar for the technicians of shrimp culture, in this season the shrimp pond if left unchecked will surely succeed (an overly optimistic assumption that could cause problems).
In addition to disease season, another keyword is the condition of shrimp. In the process of cultivation, shrimp is the main subject, so that the condition of shrimp is one of the most important factors that need special attention. As has been described in previous discussions, in good condition, shrimp is able to survive in extreme environmental conditions within a certain period, otherwise in a condition that is not good, shrimp is highly vulnerable to disease and other problems. This can be analogous with the human resistance against environmental conditions. We as human when in relatively good condition has a strong immunity against the disease from the environment around us, on the contrary, if the condition of our body is not fit, it will be susceptible to disease.
Based on the questions and the descriptions as mentioned above, then there is one fundamental question is; Does the shrimp diseases is one of elements of pond water ecosystem? If the shrimp disease is one element of the pond water ecosystem, then the condition of the shrimp is a crucial factor in the success of shrimp farming. Of course, this conjecture needs to be proven through scientific research.
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A primary impediment to growth of a shrimp aquaculture industry in the United States is control of diseases. The shrimp diseases of most importance to the U.S. are: Taura syndrome virus (TSV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and the necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHP-B).
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