Shrimp Feeding Management Program – Rationale

Knowledge and understanding of feeding habit and food habit and shrimp digestive organ is an absolute factor to control in preparing feeding program that will be applied in the shrimp farming activities in order to create efficiency and an effectiveness of feed that can produce shrimp with favorable conditions and quality in terms of production.

Some basic ideas that can be used as consideration the importance of preparing shrimp feeding programs, among others:

1. Availability of natural food in pond waters as a closed ecosystem is very limited both in quality and quantity in terms of need level for shrimp growth.
   
   
2. Space of shrimp in waters which are restricted by plot of a pond is very less, so it does not allow the shrimps to look for other feed alternatives outside of their environment.
   
   
3. Shrimp feed is a major supplier of nutrients and nutritional needs with a balanced composition required in the process of shrimps growth in the waters and can not be obtained through natural food.
   
   
4. Financial terms of the shrimp feed is one factor that most big role in terms of production cost compared with other factors, so that improper feed programs implementation can cause swelling production costs and can minimize profit earned value.
   
   
5. Shrimp feed is biggest contributor in process of fouling pond bottom accumulation with an emergence of black sludge generated from metabolic processes and remaining shrimp feed that is not consumed by shrimps so that may be harmful to the shrimps.
   
   
6. Need level of given feed can be used as estimates of population and biomass of shrimp based on a specific time period.
   
   
7. Shrimp feed can function as an organic material that can help the process of formation and stability of pond water, especially in the ponds waters with dense shrimp populations and high levels of feed demand.

The above discussion may give an idea of the importance of preparing feeding programs for the shrimp at pond through estimation and analysis of feed demand really carefully based on observation and identification of needs and conditions of shrimp that refers to production expenditure level through shrimp feed that will and have applied. Several factors must be considered in preparing shrimp feeding programs are among others:

1. Determination of feed type that will be given, including natural feedd, artificial feed, fresh feed and any additional feed.
   
   
2. The size of feed, ie the feed size in accordance with age and condition of shrimps in ponds.
   
   
3. Amount of feed to be given based on population and biomass estimates of shrimps and of demand level, condition and quality of shrimp at that time.
   
   
4. Feeding frequency in a day based on population and biomass estimates of shrimp and the level of demand, condition and quality of shrimp at that time.

One thing that is very fundamental in the preparation of this feeding program is a creation of a condition which leads to programs that follow shrimps need, not vice versa shrimp must follow to the program that has been systematically prepared in advance. The recommended feeding program is established program pursuant to decision making that is obtained through observation of the condition and needs of the shrimp and the dynamic nature carefully follow a progress in e field. In the situation of shrimp that had been conditioned to follow the feeding program that has been prepared previously feared might cause problems in the population and quality of shrimp as well as an indirect effect on water quality.



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